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Ferns are not part of the grass and bamboo family they are not even close relatives. However they do complement many gardenschemes and blend in well with gasses and bamboos particularly as underplantings and in shadow and shade areas.


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As group ferns are mostly found in very moist ground and even standing in ponds as emergent's.

They thrive in partial and full shade so make avery useful addition to the grass garden filling the damp shady spaces andcorners where true grasses will not survive. However there are always the exception to the rule Many of the Dryopteris and particularly Dryopteris affinis and its cultivars can do very well in full sun. Dicksonia Antarctica is another candidate for full sun though you can expect the fronds to be a little stunted and even the wet and bog lovers can thrive providing they have sufficient moisture.

bucket02.gif Keep ferns evenly moist they don't like todry out but they don't like being waterlogged either. Most Native ferns in the UK can be found thriving on roadside banks. This gives a good idea of the conditions they like. Most banks alongside roadside ditches are of la layer moisture retentive, leaf mould enriched soil over road construction spoil (ballast hogging stone) providing good free draining properties. Overhanging hedges and trees provide partial or dapple shade without the canopy closing over to exclude to much light.

If you can reproduce these conditions in your garden or localised pockets of these conditions you should succeed in growing fine ferns.

You can create localised pockets for ferns by digging a hole and incorporating stone pebbles or old crocks in the bottom to improve drainage. Mix the top soil with a good moisture retentive compost or better leaf mould and add a few handfuls of chipped not composted bark to hold the soil structure open. Idealy the pocket should be a little raised from the surrounding ground allowing excess waterto run off an protect the crowns. Once you have planted your fern mulch the area around it with some more chipped bark. This serves to retain moisture and also provides a good canvas against which to show off the ferns foliage.


Oooh! Scarey spider. Ferns on the whole do not suffer much frompests and diseases. Slugs snails and aphids are not usually a pest. Vine weevil and eelworm can be a serious problem with pot grown ferns and in the greenhouse. Chemical control and nematodes may or may not be effective. and can be hit or miss. You could try a drench with Jays Fluid  if you can still get it or something similar.

Most problems that are likely to be encountered will befrom trying to grow a plant in the wrong place especially if the ground is verydry or other environmental extremes such as drying winds and sun scorch. Don'tforget to water container grown sedges well and provide at least mid dayshade

If your Ferns are showing any signs of stress thebest thing is to up with them and shift them somewhere else, it wont harm them,they are survivors and want to survive and do well just as you do. Don't worryabout what time of year it is if it looks poorly then the time is there andthen not after it has died.

Choose carefully and enjoy your Fernsthey are truly worth the time an thought.

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Asplenium scolopendrium Cristata f1

Fern Asplenium scolopendrium Cristatum

Fronds are green  crested at the tips. An interesting fern that keeps its colour well providing it has shade. Prefers alkaline soil in full or part shade. Grow  to 35 cm.


 

 
Fern Asplenium scolopendrium f2

Fern Asplenium scolopendrium.

The Harts Tongue. RHS. AGM Award of Garden Merit, Strap like fronds of mid green. Fine accent or as a contrast to other ferns. Prefers alkaline soil in full or part shade


 

RHS Award of Garden Merit
Fern Asplenium scolopendrium 'Angustifolia' f3

Fern Asplenium scolopendrium Angustifolia

Harts Tongue. Deeply waved margins on dark green fronds. A short fern only 30-35 cm in height. Prefers a slightly acid moist home with dapple or half shade. Strong sun can scorch the margins. A pretty fern well deserve


 

 

Fern Athyrium felix-femina. Frizelliae f6

Fern Athyrium felix-femina. Frizelliae

Fern Athyrium felix-femina Frizelliae. A very pretty and unusual form of Lady Fern, with narrow fronds 30 cm. whose ends are rounded into small ball-like shapes. Up close, edging resembles old-fashioned knotted lace that looks like a tiny green necklace semi shade to shade. Unfussy wet or dry not extreme.


 

RHS Award of Garden Merit
Fern Athyrium felix-femina 'Victoria' (Cruciatum Group) f7

Fern Athyrium felix-femina Victoria

The Lady Fern. Feathery Lance shaped fronds. Larger than the other Athyrium 90 cm Easily cultivated. Cool moist soil prefers shade but can be grown in full sun as long as there is moisture.


 

RHS Award of Garden Merit

Fern Athyrium vidalii f10

Fern Athyrium vidalii

The Japanese lady fern. Petty deciduous fern. New fronds have a pink or reddish tint. More open in habit height 45 cm.


 

Athrium otophorum Okanum f11

Fern Athyrium otophorum Okanum

The Asian lady fern.   Fresh new frondscontrast against the red-maroon stems unfurling into beige. It remainsdistinctive throughout the entire growing season. As the fronds mature theyturn a darker green with an occasional silver iridescence.


 

RHS Award of Garden Merit
Fern Blechnum spicant f12

Fern Blechnum spicant.

Very attractive glossy bottle green leaves. A wonderful evergreen fern for all year round appeal.. Prefers semi shade and a neutral to slightly acid soil


 

RHS Award of Garden Merit
Fern Chelianthes lanosa f13

Fern Cheilanthes lanosa

T he hairy or Wooly lip Fern .A small North American evergreen fern whose stipes and lower frond surfaces are densely wooly. Rolls up its leaves in drought conditions. Evergreen Dessert Fern that is very drought resistant. Dry situation. Grows to 40 cm.


 

 
Fern Cyrtomium fortunei 'Clivicola' f15

Fern Cyrtomium fortunei Clivicola.

A Japanese fern with pale green eggshell fronds. A beautiful though underused evergreen fern that forms a good backdrop or accent to flowering perrenials.  Unfussy dry or wet but not extreme. Grows to 60 cm.


 

Dicksonia antarctica. f16

 Dicksonia antarctica.

The  Tree fern is becoming more and more popular and D. Antarctica is one of the hardier varieties. The thick mass of roots form a trunk, which can eventually reach about 6m (20ft) in the wild. The foliage appears in spring from the top of the trunk, unfurling from the centre to open up into large, rich green fronds. Grow this fern in dappled or deep shade in slightly acidic soil. In winter protect the crown by wrapping it up with strawor fleece.


 

RHS Award of Garden Merit
Fern Dryopteris affinis f17

Fern Dryopteris affinis.

The Golden Male Fern. Bottle green lancelot fronds on scaly nutmeg stems. A magnificent fern growing to 1.2 meters. It can tolerate a few hours of sun each day without scorching and is fairy wind resistant . Easy to grow and accommodating.


 

RHS Award of Garden Merit
Fern Dryopteris atrata f21

Fern Dryopteris cristata.

Crested Buckler Fern. A very distinctive deciduous native to Britain or more specifically England only usually found on the Norfolk Broads needless to say it requires a damp spot. Easy to cultivate it has erect narrow pea green fronds..Grows to 60 cm.


 

Fern Dryopteris crispa 'Whiteside' f22

Fern Dryopteris crispa Whiteside.

The Broad Buckler Fern. Erect, robust,masculine. Mid green lancelot fronds, the leaf part of the frond is crisp with a dark central zone. A deciduous native to Europe and the British Isles. Easy to cultivate. Dry or wet but not extreme. Grows to 60 cm.


 

RHS Award of Garden Merit
Fern Dryopteris erythrosora f23

Fern Dryopteris erythrosora.

The Autumn Fern. One of the best garden ferns fro China and Japan. Evergreen Young fronds emerge salmon pink in spring turning copper then bronze green by late summer. et or dry areas light or dapple shade. Grows to 60 cm.


 

Fern Dryopteris felix-mas 'Crispa Cristata f24

Dryopteris felix-mas Crispa Cristata.

King of the Male ferns. A handsome wintergreen fern. erect and robust. A native of Britain Europe and Asia an easy to grow hardy fern. Unfussy except in extremes and good in heavy shade. Grows to a respectable 90 cm.


 

RHS Award of Garden Merit
Fern Dryopteris felix-mas 'Linearis Polydactilon 25

Fern Dryopteris felix-mas Linearis Polydactilon'

The Crested Male Fern. A North American fern. Darker green narrow crested fronds leathery in appearance. Delicate whispy demeaner but don be deceived its very hardy and wind resistant. Grows to 40 cm. Wet or dry except extreme.


 

Fern Polypodium vulgare f29

Fern Polypodium vulgare.

The Common Polypody. A native to Europe and the British Isles. Evergreen. Fine papery fronds appear in early summer. Prefers slightly acid soil and needs a site with good drainage and a free air movement or the fronds can be prone to blackening. Good for a dry bank. 35 cm. in height.


 

Fern Polystichum aculeatum 30

Polystichum aculeatum.

The shield fern. A Handsome shuttlecock of dark cabbage green fronds. Evergreen and elegant. A native to Europe and the UK . General unfussy but prefers shade and moist conditions. 75 cm high.


 

RHS Award of Garden Merit
Fern Polystichum munitum f31

Fern Polystichum munitum.

The Western Sword Fern. larger than the rest of the species. Dark green evergreen fern that forms a loose shuttlecock demeaner. Tolerates wet or dry conditions  without extremes. A useful plant at 95 cm. height


 

RHS Award of Garden Merit
Fern Polystichum plyblepharum f32

Fern Polystichum plyblepharum.

Dark to olive green. Evergreen with a leathery texture. The spring crosiers are an attractive feature almost triffid like they unfurl to form fine plumes of shuttlecock fronds 75 cm. tall


 

Fern Polystichum rigens f34

Fern Polystichum rigens.

Very hardy evergreen fern from Japan Sharp pointed lancelot  fronds appearing yellow in spring maturing to a mid green by summer with a distinctive smell. Most soils but prefers alkaline. 40 cm height


 

Fern Polystichum setiferum f35

Fern Polystichum setiferum.

The Soft Shield Fern, Dark green spreading arching fronds. Dark green leathery fronds to 60 cm.. An excellent easy to grow fern comfortable with most soil types providing it is not water logged or bone dry.


 

RHS Award of Garden Merit
Fern Polystichum setiferum 'Herrenhausen' f37

Fern Polystichum setiferum Herrenhausen.

The Soft Shield Fern, Dark green spreading lance shaped  triangular fronds. Easy to grow old variety. Evergreen with darker green fronds than the type. Height 60 cm.


 

RHS Award of Garden Merit
Fern Polystichm tsus-simense f39

Fern Polystichum tsus-simense.

Very attractive well behaved clump former from China Japan and Korea. Broad bottle green lance shaped fronds. Height 35 cm tolerates both dry and wet conditions well.


 

Fern Woodsia obtusa f40

Fern Woodsia obtusa.

A popular easy to grow fern. Fresh light green fronds with rounded tips  flush in the early Spring. This is a handsome clump forming fern that matures e respectable high at 1.3 meters.


 

Fern Woodwardia fimbriate f41

Fern Woodwardia fimbriate.

The Giant Chain Fern. Evergreen emerald. Magnificently large, Can reach 2 meters. Elegant and upright. Acid to neutral soil. Can tolerate full sun.


 

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